Saturday, 15 February 2014

By thanking of Allah, the Almighty; for everything, I would like to say that the submission of thesis report is a great achievement and delighting occasion for me. And then I would like to express my heartiest administration, love and gratefulness to my parents, without their sacrifice and support it could be impossible for me to reach in today’s position. I would also like to take the opportunity to express my gratitude to my report supervisor Ms. Shammi Akter for her invaluable support and guidance regarding this report.

I am in debt to many people for their valuable contribution in preparing this report. My deepest gratitude and thankfulness to Mr. Jahid Hasan (General Manager,Hamid Garments LTD.) for this report, co-operating and giving me their precious time and helping me in many ways to complete this report. And like to give my thanks to Mr. Mamun ( HR Manager), Mr. Kamrul Hasan (Production officer) by those help I complete my 3 months Thesis Program.

I also like to give thanks all of Hamid Garments Ltd. Officers for help to complete my Thesis Report. And Khaled Group of Companies (Head office) officer to help me in the time of my Thesis.

And special thanks to my friend Nadeem Akter, Rubaiyat Ana for there support and help to complete my report.

And the final thanks to my parents (SK.Abdul Hamid, Dilraj Hamid) to help me all the way to my journey of MBA.

I have tried to full-fill my responsibility as much as possible to make this report attractive but some errors may occur without my intension. So I am requesting to pardon me and accept my report as the precious fruit of my hard work.

Stamford University Bangladesh

Student Declaration

I, SK. Hamidul Muntasir the student of Masters in Business Administration, batch 43 bearing the ID No. MBA 04311870 major in HRM, hereby declare that I have completed my Thesis Report on “Occupational stress, working condition and grievances of female workers in garments industry in Bangladesh, A case study on Hamid Garments Ltd” and submitted as partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of “Masters of Business Administration” at Stamford University Bangladesh.

This report is my original work and not submitted for the award of any other Degree, Diploma, Fellowship or term or honour.

Sk. Hamidul Muntasir

ID: MBA 04311870

43 Batch

Department of MBA(HRM)

Stamford University Bangladesh.

Stamford University Bangladesh

CERTIFICATE OF SUPERVISOR

This is to certify that the Thesis Report entitled “Occupational stress, working condition and grievances of female workers in garments industry in Bangladesh, A case study on Hamid Garments Ltd”, prepared by Sk.Hamidul Muntasir, Batch 43, and ID No. MBA 04311870, under my supervision and guidance. He has completed the total report as a particular fulfilment of MBA degree.

He has permitted to submit the thesis report.

---------------------------------

Shammi Akter

Assistant Professor

Stamford University Bangladesh

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

As a student of Masters in Business Administration analyzing today’s business world is very crucial to service in this complex world. It is necessary to go through all fields of knowledge, both theoretical and practical. After passing MBA program a practical program has been introduce to me as an essential part for the outgoing business student.

An thesis report is organized to give me an opportunity for enhancing my capabilities. In this report I tried to write down that in my three months program. My thesis topic is “Occupational stress, working condition and grievances of female workers in garments industry in Bangladesh, A case study on Hamid Garments Ltd” And I tried to flash out about HRM practice in Hamid Garments.

In the chapter one (introduction), I am trying to say what is stress and what is stress management. I also have given here the methodology and the data I use here, and the limitation of this study

In the second I put literature review chapter, I the third chapter I briefly describe the background of garments industry in our Bangladesh and now its present position, as well as the future of garments industry The garments industry growth affect in our country economy and garments future in our country.

In the fourth chapter, I am trying to say briefly about the Hamid Garments Ltd. Background, product line, workers, and the female workers allowances and benefits.

In the chapter fifth chapter I tried to find out the data and analysis for the data of Hamid Garments three units. I also tried to briefly disclose about the welfare of the workers. Here I emphasized the women workers, also tried describe their allowances, behaviors toward them etc.

In chapter six, I put conclusion and the my recommendation towards Hamid garments.

I hope all my works in this report, will give them the clear picture of garments women working stress in our country and my findings and my recommendation will help them to make their daily life more prospective

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A Study on The Role of Micro-Credit Programs of Grameen Bank in Bangladesh.

CHAPTER-1

Introduction

1.1 Statement of the problem:

Over more than a decade Bangladesh has been the cynosure of global attention for achieving considerable success in administering micro-credit effectively and efficiently among the poor. According to Human Development Report 2004, Bangladesh first time took places among least development 50 countries in Human Development index. Agencies specially Grameen Bank dealing with micro-credit dispensing have increasingly been playing a significant role in poverty alleviation and economic growth. The rural poor are the main target of micro-credit invention because they have to live in an abysmal depth of pauperization. The role of small credit are extremely important in poverty reduction through income -generation and self-reliance in Bangladesh. For poverty alleviation and development , both government organization and non government organization are working in their respective spheres through extending credit amongst the rural poor. For poverty alleviation and development two types of policies (a) Indirect policies: This kind of policy refers to the strategy of attaining higher rate of economic growth through massive investment to stimulate "Trickiedown" benefit to the poor & (b) direct policies: Direct policies are aimed at increasing the productive capabilities of the poor through same specific target with emphasis on skill development and access to credit. More than one third of the peoples of Bangladesh take micro credit facilities.

1.2 Objectives of the study:

The objectives of this study are-

(i) To determine the role of Grameen Bank on micro-credit Program.

(ii) To determine the Drawbacks of Grameen Bank on micro-credit Program.

1.3 Scope of the Term Paper :

The Term Paper is made according to the objectives of study. The most stupendous achievements have been made on credit disbursement by Grameen Bank among the other micro enterprise development lending agencies in Bangladesh. This paper scope is so limited hence it is discussed in narrow outlook.

1.4 Methodology:

Methodology is the vital part of any research. It is the heart of a research. For my research the methodology that I have used are given below:

(i) Nature of the study : There are various types of study, for my study I have used descriptive research.

(ii) Population of the study : All members of Grameen Bank Micro-Credit programs of Bangladesh were the population of this study.

(iii) Sample size and sampling techniques : Due to constrain of resources in terms of time it was confined to a single village of chittagong district named Mohammadpur under East Rouzan union of chittagong. A total of 25 members (who are taken loan from GB) were interviewed. A multistage sampling technique was used for this purpose.

(iv) Sources of data : All data collected from both primary and secondary sources.

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Annual Report (July 2008 - June 2009) BANGLADESH BANK (The Central Bank of Bangladesh)

Annual Report
(July 2008 - June 2009)
BANGLADESH BANK
(The Central Bank of Bangladesh)
Letter of Transmittal
BANGLADESH BANK
Dhaka
24 January 2010
The Secretary
Finance Division
Ministry of Finance
Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh
Dhaka.
Dear Sir,
In terms of Article 40 (2) of the Bangladesh Bank Order, 1972 (P. O Number 127) I have the honour to
submit to the Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh the Annual Report of the Bank for
the financial year 2008-2009. Audited Accounts of the Bank for the financial year was forwarded
earlier on 31 August 2009.
Yours faithfully,
(Dr. Atiur Rahman)
Governor
Board of Directors
Dr. Atiur Rahman* Chairman
Mr. Md. Nazrul Huda Director
Dr. Momtaz Uddin Ahmed Director
Dr. Mohammad Tareque Director
Dr. Muhammad Ismail Hossain Director
Dr. Mohammad Ali Taslim Director
Mr. M Musharraf Hossain Bhuiyan** Director
Dr. Nasiruddin Ahmed*** Director
Mr. Mir Abdur Rahim Secretary
* Dr. Atiur Rahman was appointed as Chairman of the Board in place of Dr. Salehuddin Ahmed with effect from 1 May 2009.
** Mr. M Musharraf Hossain Bhuiyan was appointed as Director of the Board in place of Mr. Jafar Ahmad Chowdhury with effect from
2 March 2009.
*** Dr. Nasiruddin Ahmed was appointed as Director of the Board in place of Mr. Muhammad Abdul Mazid with effect from 21 April 2009.
Note : Dr. Wahid Uddin Mahmud was director of the board up to 18 January 2009.
Governor
Dr. Atiur Rahman
Deputy Governors
Md. Nazrul Huda
Ziaul Hassan Siddiqui
Murshid Kuli Khan
Executive Directors
Khandakar Muzharul Haque Nazneen Sultana
Md. Abul Quasem Md. Mafiz Uddin Chowdhury
A.T.M. Nasir Uddin Devaki Kumar Saha
Chowdhury Mohidul Haque A.H.M. Kai-Khasru
Mir Abdur Rahim
Economic Adviser
Habibullah Bahar
Departments of the Head Office and Department Heads*
Accounts & Budgeting Department A.K.M. Rahmatullah, General Manager
Agricultural Credit & Special Programmes Department S.M. Moniruzzaman, General Manager
Anti-Money Laundering Department Md. Mahfuzur Rahman, General Manager
Bangladesh Bank Training Academy Dewan Abdus Sultan, General Manager
Subhankar Saha, General Manager
Banking Regulation & Policy Department Abu Hena Mohd. Razee Hassan, General Manager
Central Bank Strengthening Project Cell Md. Abdul Haque, General Manager
Common Services Department Md. Ahsan Ullah, General Manager
Credit Information Bureau Md. Abdul Hye, General Manager
Debt Management Department Md. Mijanur Rahman Jodder, General Manager
Department of Banking Inspection -1 Ahmed Ehteshamul Haider, General Manager
Department of Banking Inspection-2 Nirmal Chandra Bhakta, General Manager
Department of Currency Management & Payment Systems Das Gupta Asim Kumar, General Manager
Department of Financial Institutions & Markets Md. Elias Sikder, General Manager
Department of Off-site Supervision Shitangshu Kumar Sur Chowdhury, General Manager
Department of Printing & Publications Dr. Md. Golam Mustafa, General Manager
Expenditure Management Department Shawkat Osman Chowdhury, General Manager
Foreign Exchange Investment Department Md. Abdur Rahim, General Manager
Foreign Exchange Operation Department Jinnatul Bakeya, General Manager
Foreign Exchange Policy Department Khondaker Khalidur Rahman, General Manager
Foreign Exchange Inspection & Vigilance Department Ahmed Jamal, General Manager
Forex Reserve & Treasury Management Department Md. Amzad Hossain, General Manager
Human Resources Department Sudhir Chandra Das, General Manager
Information Systems Development Department Md. Abdul Hamid, Systems Manager
Internal Audit Department Md. Sadrul Huda, General Manager
I.T Operation & Communication Department Gouranga Chakraborty, Systems Manager
Law Department Mohammad Masum Kamal Bhuiyan, General Manager
Monetary Policy Department Md. Abdus Samad Sarker, General Manager
Policy Analysis Unit Dr. Md. Akhtaruzzaman**, Senior Research Economist
Research Department Md. Kabir Ahmed Chowdhury, General Manager
Secretary's Department Mir Abdur Rahim, Executive Director
Security Management Department Lt. Col. (Retd.) Md. Mahmudul Huq Khan Chowdhury,
General Manager
Special Studies Cell Sheikh Abdullah, General Manager
Statistics Department Md. Abdus Satter Miah, (General Manager in Charge)
As per alphabetical arrangement.
Note : Zea Uddin Ahmed, General Manager is on deputation with SPC (BD) Ltd. on current charge of Managing Director, and
Md. Nazimuddin, General Manager is on deputation with SPC (BD) Ltd.
* As of 30 June 2009.
** Dr. Md. Akhtaruzzaman, General Manager, is on lien with Policy Analysis Unit.
Departments of the Head Office and Department Heads*
Accounts & Budgeting Department A.K.M. Rahmatullah, General Manager
Agricultural Credit & Special Programmes Department S.M. Moniruzzaman, General Manager
Anti-Money Laundering Department Md. Mahfuzur Rahman, General Manager
Bangladesh Bank Training Academy Dewan Abdus Sultan, General Manager
Subhankar Saha, General Manager
Banking Regulation & Policy Department Abu Hena Mohd. Razee Hassan, General Manager
Central Bank Strengthening Project Cell Md. Abdul Haque, General Manager
Common Services Department Md. Ahsan Ullah, General Manager
Credit Information Bureau Md. Abdul Hye, General Manager
Debt Management Department Md. Mijanur Rahman Jodder, General Manager
Department of Banking Inspection -1 Ahmed Ehteshamul Haider, General Manager
Department of Banking Inspection-2 Nirmal Chandra Bhakta, General Manager
Department of Currency Management & Payment Systems Das Gupta Asim Kumar, General Manager
Department of Financial Institutions & Markets Md. Elias Sikder, General Manager
Department of Off-site Supervision Shitangshu Kumar Sur Chowdhury, General Manager
Department of Printing & Publications Dr. Md. Golam Mustafa, General Manager
Expenditure Management Department Shawkat Osman Chowdhury, General Manager
Foreign Exchange Investment Department Md. Abdur Rahim, General Manager
Foreign Exchange Operation Department Jinnatul Bakeya, General Manager
Foreign Exchange Policy Department Khondaker Khalidur Rahman, General Manager
Foreign Exchange Inspection & Vigilance Department Ahmed Jamal, General Manager
Forex Reserve & Treasury Management Department Md. Amzad Hossain, General Manager
Human Resources Department Sudhir Chandra Das, General Manager
Information Systems Development Department Md. Abdul Hamid, Systems Manager
Internal Audit Department Md. Sadrul Huda, General Manager
I.T Operation & Communication Department Gouranga Chakraborty, Systems Manager
Law Department Mohammad Masum Kamal Bhuiyan, General Manager
Monetary Policy Department Md. Abdus Samad Sarker, General Manager
Policy Analysis Unit Dr. Md. Akhtaruzzaman**, Senior Research Economist
Research Department Md. Kabir Ahmed Chowdhury, General Manager
Secretary's Department Mir Abdur Rahim, Executive Director
Security Management Department Lt. Col. (Retd.) Md. Mahmudul Huq Khan Chowdhury,
General Manager
Special Studies Cell Sheikh Abdullah, General Manager
Statistics Department Md. Abdus Satter Miah, (General Manager in Charge)
As per alphabetical arrangement.
Note : Zea Uddin Ahmed, General Manager is on deputation with SPC (BD) Ltd. on current charge of Managing Director, and
Md. Nazimuddin, General Manager is on deputation with SPC (BD) Ltd.
* As of 30 June 2009.
** Dr. Md. Akhtaruzzaman, General Manager, is on lien with Policy Analysis Unit.
Branch Offices and Office Heads*
Barisal A.K.M. Fazlur Rahman, General Manager
Bogra Md. Ataur Rahman, General Manager
Chittagong Mohammad Naushad Ali Chowdhury, General Manager
Khulna Abdus Sattar, General Manager
Motijheel Santi Ranjan Das, General Manager
Rajshahi Sarder Md. Shahjahan, General Manager
Rangpur Md. Ebtadul Islam, General Manager
Sadarghat Noor Muhammad Howlader, General Manager
Sylhet Md. Jahangir Alam, General Manager
As per alphabetical arrangement.
* As of 30 June 2009.
Contents
Chapters Pages
Chapter-1 Macroeconomic Performance, Near and Medium Term Prospects 1
World Economic Environment and Outlook 1
Developments in the Bangladesh Economy 4
Growth Performance 4
Savings and Investment 5
Price Situation 5
Money and Credit Developments 6
Public Finance 7
External Sector 8
Near and Medium Term Outlook for the Bangladesh Economy 10
Chapter-2 The Real Economy 14
Economic Growth 14
Agriculture Sector 15
Industry Sector 15
Services Sector 16
Sectoral Composition of GDP 17
GDP by Expenditure 18
Savings and Investment 18
Chapter-3 Prices and Wages 20
Consumer Prices 20
Wage Rate Trends 23
Near Term Inflation Outlook 24
Chapter-4 Money and Credit 26
Stance of Monetary and Credit Policies 26
Reserve Money Developments 28
Income Velocity of Money 30
Bank Credit 30
Bank Deposits 30
Credit/Deposit Ratio 31
Scheduled Banks Borrowings from the BB 31
Balances of Scheduled Banks with the BB and their Cash in Tills 31
Cash Reserve Requirement (CRR) 31
Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) 31
xi
Contents
Chapters Pages
Bank Rate 31
Interest Rates on Deposits and Advances 32
Operation of the Export Development Fund (EDF) 32
Changes in Monetary and Credit Regulations 32
Chapter-5 Banking Sector Performance, Regulation and Bank Supervision 35
Banking Sector Performance 35
Aggregate Balance Sheet 36
Performance and Rating of Banks 36
Capital Adequacy 37
Asset Quality 37
Loan Loss Provisioning of the Banks 39
Weighted Average Deposit and Lending Rates 39
Writing-off Bad Debts 40
Management Soundness 40
Earnings and Profitability 41
Net Interest Income 41
Liquidity 42
CAMELS Rating 42
Islamic Banking 44
Deposit Insurance Scheme 44
Legal Reforms and Prudential Regulations 45
Capital Adequacy of the Banks 45
Interest Rate Policy 45
Maintaining Adequate Security of Lockers 46
SCBs Reforms Programme 46
Maintaining General Provision against Off-balance Sheet Item 46
Progress of Basel II Implementation in Bangladesh 46
Corporate Governance in Banks 50
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) 50
Activities of Credit Information Bureau (CIB) 50
Supervision of Banks 51
On-site Inspection of Banks 51
Financial Institutions (FIs) 52
Chapter-6 Financial Markets 53
Money Market 53
Call Money Market - FY09 53
Repo Auctions - FY09 54
Reverse Repo Auctions - FY09 54
xii
Contents
Chapters Pages
Government Securities Market 55
Government Treasury Bills Auctions 55
Bangladesh Government Treasury Bonds (BGTBs) Auctions 57
Bangladesh Government Islamic Investment Bond (Islamic Bond) 58
Capital Market 58
Investment Financing in Bangladesh : Minor Role of Capital Market 58
Capital Market Activities in FY09 59
Primary Issuance 59
Secondary Market Activities 60
Non-resident Portfolio Investment 60
Activities of the ICB 61
Scheduled Banks Investments in Capital Market Securities 62
Measures Supporting Capital Market Development 62
Credit Market 64
Advances of Scheduled Banks by Economic Purposes 64
Industrial Term Loans of Banks and Financial Institutions 64
Measures for Strengthening Term Lending Practices 65
Broadening of Fund Base for Industrial Term Lending 66
Equity and Entrepreneurship Fund (EEF) 68
Housing Finance 68
Foreign Exchange Market 69
Exchange Rate 69
Inter-bank Foreign Exchange Transactions 70
Chapter-7 Agricultural and Rural Finance 71
Annual Agricultural Credit Programme 71
Disbursement 72
Recovery 73
Sources of Agricultural Finance 73
Bangladesh Bank’s Refinance against Agricultural Loans 74
Agricultural Credit Projects/Programmes under Bangladesh Bank Supervision 74
Financing of Small & Medium Scale Enterprises 75
Microcredit Operations of NGOs 76
Chapter-8 Public Finance 78
Fiscal Trends – Strategies for Achieving Higher Growth and Development 78
The FY09 Budget and Fiscal Outcome 78
a. Revenue Receipts 78
b. Expenditure 80
c. Financing of the FY09 Budget Deficit 81
xiii
Contents
Chapters Pages
The FY10 budget 82
a. Revenue Receipts 84
b. Expenditure 85
c. Deficit and its financing 87
Chapter-9 External Sector 91
External Trade and the Balance of Payments - the Overall Situation 91
Exports 93
Destination 93
Composition 93
Export Promotion and Diversification 94
Imports 94
Terms of Trade 97
Workers’ Remittances 97
Foreign Aid 98
Foreign Exchange Market Operations 98
Foreign Exchange Reserves 99
Reserve Management Strategy 100
Transactions under Asian Clearing Union (ACU) 100
Transactions with the IMF 100
Exchange Rate 101
Changes in Foreign Exchange Regulations 101
Anti-money Laundering Surveillance 103
Chapter-10 Payment and Settlement Systems 104
Legal and Regulatory Framework 105
Remittance Issues 105
Chapter-11 Administration 108
Appointment of New Governor 108
Appointment of New Directors in the Board 108
Executive Committee 108
Audit Committee of the Board 108
New Appointment in Different Posts 109
Retirement, Voluntary Retirement, Resignation, Death,
Compulsory Retirement and Removal 109
Creation/Abolition of Posts 110
Working Strength of Officials and Staff 110
Number of Officers on Deputation/Lien 110
Newly Established Department of the Bank 110
Welfare Activities and Approval of Scholarship 110
xiv
Contents
Chapters Pages
Foreign Training and Study 110
Domestic Training and Study 110
Implementation of Performance Management System (PMS) 110
Training Courses, Workshops and Seminars Conducted by the
Bangladesh Bank Training Academy (BBTA) 110
Central Bank Strengthening Project 111
Chapter-12 Bangladesh Bank's Accounts for 2008-2009 113
Income 113
Income from Foreign Currency Financial Assets 113
Income from Local Currency Financial Assets 113
Expenditure 113
Financial Cost 114
Administrative Cost 114
Operating Profit 114
Revaluation 114
Profit Appropriation 114
Combined Balance Sheet of Banking and Issue Department 114
Assets 114
Liabilities 114
Foreign Currency Reserve 115
Notes in Circulation 115
Equity 115
Auditors 115
Audited Financial Statements as at and for the Year Ended 30 June 2009 118
Tables
1.1 Overview of the World Economic Outlook Projections 1
1.2 Sectoral GDP growth rates (at FY96 constant prices) 5
2.1 Sectoral GDP growth (at FY96 constant prices) 14
2.2 Quantum index of medium and large scale manufacturing industries (base : 1988-89=100) 16
2.3 Sectoral GDP shares (at FY96 constant producer prices) 17
2.4 GDP by expenditure groups (at current market prices) 17
2.5 Savings and investment (as percent of GDP) 18
3.1 Annual average CPI inflation (based FY96=100) 21
3.2 Changes in international prices of major commodities 22
3.3 Inflation trend in SAARC and other neighbouring countries 22
3.4 Annual average national level CPI by consumption basket sub-groups (FY96=100) 23
3.5 Trends of wage rate indices (base FY70=100) 23
3.6 Global inflationary situation 24
xv
Contents
Tables Pages
4.1 Money and credit situation 28
4.2 Reserve money position 29
4.3 Income velocity of money 29
4.4 Bank credit - FY09 quarterly positions 30
4.5 Bank deposits - FY09 quarterly positions 31
4.6 Weighted average interest rates of scheduled banks 32
5.1 Banking system structure 35
5.2 Capital to risk weighted assets ratio by type of banks 37
5.3 NPL ratios by type of banks 37
5.3 (a) Ratio of net NPL to total loans by type of banks 38
5.4 Required provision and provision maintained – all banks 38
5.5 Comparative position of provision adequacy 39
5.6 Weighted average deposit and lending rates 40
5.7 Writing-off bad debts in different bank categories 40
5.8 Expenditure - income ratio by type of banks 40
5.9 Profitability ratios by type of banks 41
5.10 Net interest income by type of banks 42
5.11 Liquidity ratio by type of banks 42
5.12 Comparative positions of the Islamic banking sector 44
6.1 Volume of trade and weighted average interest rates in call money market 53
6.2 Repo auctions - FY09 54
6.3 Reverse repo auctions - FY09 55
6.4 Auctions of government treasury bills - FY09 57
6.5 Auctions of Bangladesh government treasury bonds - FY09 57
6.6 Bangladesh Government Islamic Investment Bond 58
6.7 Disbursment and recovery of industrial term loans of banks and financial institutions 58
6.8 Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) activities 59
6.9 Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE) activities 59
6.10 Advances of scheduled banks by economic purposes 63
6.11 Industrial term loans of banks and financial institutions 64
6.12 Outstanding housing loans 68
6.13 Sales and purchases of foreign exchange by the Bangladesh Bank 70
7.1 Comparative statement of disbursement & recovery of agricultural loan 71
7.2 Agricultural credit performance by lenders - FY09 73
7.3 Bangladesh Bank's refinance against agricultural loans 74
7.4 Microcredit operations of the Grameen Bank and large NGOs 76
8.1 Bangladesh Government revenue and expenditure 78
8.2 Composition of revenue receipts 80
8.3 Composition of revenue expenditure 81
8.4 Composition of social sector revenue expenditure 82
8.5 Sectoral shares in ADP expenditure 82
xvi
Contents
Tables Pages
9.1 Composition of merchandise exports 92
9.2 Composition of merchandise imports 96
9.3 Terms of trade of Bangladesh (base : FY96=100) 97
9.4 Foreign aid receipts and debt repayments 98
9.5 Gross foreign exchange reserves of the Bangladesh Bank 99
9.6 Receipts and payments of Bangladesh under the ACU 99
9.7 Outstanding principal liabilities against the facilities received from the IMF 101
11.1 Statement on different training courses, workshops and seminars organised by the
Bangladesh Bank Training Academy (BBTA) during FY09 111
12.1 Sources of income 113
12.2 Bank’s expenditure 114
Charts
1.1 Domestic savings and investment 6
1.2 National CPI inflation (12-month average : base FY96=100) 6
1.3 Monetary aggregates 6
1.4 Sources of broad money (M2) 7
1.5 Revenue receipt, revenue expenditure, revenue surplus and budget deficit 7
1.6 Budget deficit financing 7
1.7 Export and import growth 9
1.8 NEER, REER and Taka-Dollar exchange rate 9
1.9 Recent movements in NEER, REER and Taka-Dollar exchange rate 9
2.1 Bangladesh real GDP growth 14
2.2 Domestic savings 18
2.3 Domestic investment 18
3.1 National CPI inflation (12-month average : base FY96=100) 20
3.2 Monthly Percentage Change in Inflation 20
3.3 Rural CPI inflation (12-month average : base FY96=100) 21
3.4 Urban CPI inflation (12-month average : base FY96=100) 21
3.5 Changes in international commodity prices 22
3.6 South Asian inflationary situation 22
3.7 Wage rate index trends by sectors (base FY70=100) 23
4.1 M2 and its components 28
4.2 Domestic credit and its components 30
4.3 M2 and RM programmes and actual developments in FY09 30
4.4 Movement of GDP growth, M2 growth, rate of inflation and income velocity of money 31
5.1 Aggregate industry assets 36
5.2 Aggregate industry liabilities 36
5.3 Aggregate capital adequacy position 37
5.4 Aggregate position of NPLs to total loans 38
xvii
Contents
Charts Pages
5.4 (a) Aggregate position of NNPLs to total loans (net of provisions) 38
5.5 Comparative position of NPLs by type of banks 39
5.6 Provision adequacy position of all banks 39
5.7 Weighted average deposit and lending rates 39
5.8 Aggregate position of income and expenditure – all banks 40
5.9 Aggregate profitability - all banks 41
5.10 Aggregate NII of the industry 42
5.11 Aggregate position of excess liquidity 43
6.1 Call money rate 54
6.2 Weighted average yield of BGTBs 58
6.3 Trends of market behaviour of DSE 60
6.4 Sectoral share of total advances 64
6.5 Industrial term loans of banks and financial institutions: FY09 66
6.6 Taka-US Dollar exchange rate: FY09 70
7.1 Targets for agricultural credit disbursement in FY09 72
7.2 Actual agricultural credit disbursement in FY09 72
8.1 Composition of tax revenue : FY09 81
8.2 Composition of tax revenue : FY10 81
8.3 Budget deficit financing : FY09 84
8.4 Budget deficit financing : FY10 84
9.1 Key indicators of external sector 91
9.2 Trends of trade, current account and overall balances 92
9.3 Export growth 93
9.4 Destinational pattern of exports in FY09 93
9.5 Import growth 97
9.6 Terms of trade of Bangladesh 97
9.7 Wage earners' remittances in FY08 and FY09 98
9.8 Liquid foreign exchange holdings abroad 99
12.1 Bank’s income, expenditure and profit 113
Boxes
4.1 Monetary Policy Framework of the Bangladesh Bank 27
5.1 Revised Regulatory Framework for Capital Adequacy in line with Basel II 47
5.2 Lesseons from the Financial Crisis - The Importance of Strengthening Risk
Management and Corporate Governance 49
6.1 The Rationale and Extent of BB’s Participation in the Primary and Secondary
Markets in Treasury Bills and Bonds 56
6.2 Public Debt Management: The Role of Bangladesh Bank 61
xviii
Contents
Boxes Pages
7.1 Millennium Development Goals - Bangladesh’s Achievement 77
8.1 Public-Private Partnership to Invigorate Investment 83
8.2 Salient Revenue Measures in FY10 Budget 88
8.3 Salient Expenditure Measures in FY10 Budget 89
9.1 Measures for Strengthening Export Competitiveness
in the face of Global Economic Downturn 95
10.1 Image Based Cheque Clearing 106
11.1 Risk Based Internal Audit 109
Appendices
Appendix-1 Chronology of Major Policy Announcements: FY09 173
Appendix-2 Bangladesh: Some Selected Statistics 189
Tables
I Bangladesh : Selected Social Indicators 191
II Trends of Major Macroeconomic Indicators 192
III Medium-term Macroeconomic Framework : Key Indicators 193
IV Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Investment and Savings 194
V Growth and Sectoral Share of GDP (at FY96 constant prices) 195
VI Development of Government Budgetary Operation 196
VII Money and Credit 197
VIII Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Rate of Inflation – National (base : FY96=100) 198
IX Reserve Money and its Components 199
X Reserve Money and its Sources 200
XI Deposits of Public and Private Sector 201
XII Selected Statistics of Scheduled Banks 202
XIII Movements in Selected Interest Rates 203
XIV Government Borrowing (net) from the Banking System 204
XV Non-bank Government Borrowing (net) 207
XVI Balance of Payments 208
XVII Category-wise Exports 209
XVIII Category-wise Imports 210
XIX Sector-wise Comparative Statement of Opening, Settlement and Outstanding of Import LCs 211
XX Foreign Exchange Reserves 212
XXI Period AverageTaka-US Dollar Exchange Rates 213
XXII Country-wise Workers’ Remittances 214
XXIII List of Scheduled Banks 215
XXIV List of Financial Institutions 217
xix
xx
List of Abbreviations
ABB Association of Bankers Bangladesh
ACSPD Agricultural Credit and Special
Programmes Department
ACU Asian Clearing Union
ADB Asian Development Bank
ADP Annual Development Programme
ADs Authorised Dealers
AIP Annual Inspection Programme
AIT Advanced Income Tax
ASA Association for Social Advancement
ASEAN Association of South East Asian Nations
BAB Bangladesh Association of Banks
BACH Bangladesh Automated Clearing House
BACPS Bangladesh Automated Cheque Processing Systems
BASIC Bangladesh Small Industries and Commerce
BB Bangladesh Bank
BBBF Bangladesh Better Business Forum
BBS Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics
BBTA Bangladesh Bank Training Academy
BCA Banking Companies Act
BCIC Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation
BCPs Basel Core Principles
BEFTEN Bangladesh Electronic Funds Transfer Network
BGTBs Bangladesh Government Treasury Bonds
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Term Paper On Export Performance of Readymade Garments Sector of Bangladesh.

Executive summary

In the newly created opportunity for doing business in trade, industries and services the private sector was attracted more to export sector. A dynamic and vibrant private sector is crucial to rapid and sustained economic growth as well as the development of export sectors in the era of globalization.

Garments Industry is directly related with Textile, Spinning, Dyeing, Printing and knitting sectors. In Bangladesh there are 3800 Garments factory and 1920 buying houses and more or less near 2000000 (Twenty Lacs) people related with this sector. Bangladesh in not highly developed in garments sector for lacking of appropriate raw materials and modern technology. Now - a - days Bangladesh ' can improve this sector gradually. A several number of modern garments industry introduces modern technology with computerized quality control systems which turn this sector in golden future. When the garments business introduce in Bangladesh it was primitive step for industrial sector in there. It was a challenged because in that period a few entrepreneur who had ability but couldn't brave to take risk. So it was so difficult. Several garments are start their activities by some manual machineries and use of raw hand manpower but now a days it have a huge number of automatic machine and they have the ability to produce a huge number of readymade garments with high quality. In my Internship report I crack my work in several steps.

Now - a - days the scenarios are gradually changed. The foreign human rights organization influences the garments owner and BGMEA to rescue the use of child labor and influence to provide the basic salary up to the international level. That's why foreign buyer are now interested to enter our market.

At present there are 31% knit export is increased and beside this 13% woven garments export is increased. Now, Our Government is very much alert about the fact and offer various incentive program to the garments manufacturer. The Government also makes anti-rules for using child labor and takes various actions to reduce to the unethical practices in this sector.

Table of Contents

Chapter One 1-06

Origin of the Report 01

Aim and objectives of the study 03

Methodology 04

Scope of the study 05

Limitations of the study: 06

Chapter Two 07-17

History of the Company (DBL Group). 08

Product Quality: 08

The project purposes and designs 09

Product Mix and Production Capacity: 09

Raw materials 10

Conclusion & Recommendation: 10

Identifying about some Instrument and some

information be as follows 11-14

Management & Organization: 15

Chapter Three 16-35

1. Introduction 17

2. Statement of Research Problem: 17-20

3. Ready Made Garments Export Condition in Brief: 21-22

Bangladesh

: Special Feature 23-26

5. Bangladesh Economy to grow at 6 percent

despite Key challenges: IMF 27

6. The Conference of LDCs 28

7. The products of LDCs:

low-price garments in a higher-quality market 29

Bangladesh

made faster economic growth 30

9. The Fastest Growing Export Sector of

The Country 30-32

10. Statement of the current “Export data

of Readymade Garments of

Bangladesh

”. 33-35

Chapter Four 36-50

1. Yarn Manufacturing Process 37-39

2. Fabrics Manufacturers 40-42

3. Fabric Dyeing and Finishing Unit: 43-44

4. Production flowchart 45

5. Garments Quality control flow chart 46

6. Garments Planning: 47

7. Benefit of team in garments: 48

8. Control 48-56

9. Prepare a garments budget: 56

Chapter Five 51-55

Recommendation

Conclusion 57-60

Reference 61

1. Origin of The Report

The report title “Export performance of readymade garments sector of Bangladesh” has been prepared as a practical fulfillment of Graduation at Jagannath University. All the students are required to prepare a term paper in 4^th year 2^nd semester. For this purpose each of there is attached with a topic. He has also to undertake an investigation of the organization for detailed study.

The basic purpose of this is to expose the student to the real business world. This exposure acquaints his with the practices of modern business world. This exposure is very helpful is seeing for oneself how things move and to find the gap as well as the similarities between theoretical and practical knowledge.

2.Aim and objectives of the study

The main objectives of this study report is to provide on “Export performance of readymade garments sector of

Bangladesh

”

To know the export performance of

Bangladesh

garments in international market;

To identify the difficulties and barriers faced in the international market;

To identify possible threats to the

Bangladesh

garments in the international market in near future;

To identify the opportunities of the Bangladeshi garments that may be realized in the international market.

To recommend the measurers needed to be taken for increasing the export volume.

To Know the current RMG export status of

Bangladesh

To full fill the course requirement

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